Edukasi dan penguatan kemampuan kader kesehatan dalam pencegahan stunting: Posyandu Sigap Stunting

Abstract

Backgroud: Stunting remains a major nutritional problem in Indonesia, despite showing signs of decline. In Indonesia, including in Bandung Regency, stunting rates remain quite high and are a national priority. One area still facing challenges in stunting reduction efforts is the Cilengkrang Community Health Center (Puskesmas). Integrated service post (Posyandu) cadres play a crucial role in growth monitoring (anthropometric measurements), recording (KMS) and input into manual and digital recording systems, nutrition education, and referrals to health services when needed. Therefore, strengthening cadre skills, both in measurement techniques and nutrition counseling communication, is a direct investment in efforts to reduce stunting at the community level.

Purpose: To increase the knowledge and strengthen the capabilities of health cadres in early detection of stunting and providing balanced nutrition to children, as part of an effort to create a Posyandu that is responsive to stunting.

Method: This community service activity was carried out on Wednesday, November 19, 2025, located in Girimekar Village, Bandung Regency, with a case study research design with one group pre-test and post-test techniques. Involving 31 health cadres of Girimekar Village as respondents and also attended by the village midwife and the Cilengkrang Community Health Center. This community service activity focused on strengthening the skills, abilities, functions and roles of cadres in preventing stunting which was carried out through interactive discussions and direct questions and answers related to the activity material and experiences regarding stunting incidents and its prevention. Measurement of the level of respondent knowledge used a questionnaire with a good category if the score is ≥75% and a poor category if the score is <75%, which was given before the educational activity (pre-test) and after the educational activity (post-test).

Results: Based on the data obtained, the level of knowledge of respondents about the Sigap Stunting Integrated Health Post (Posyandu) before the educational activity (pre-test) was 23 (74.2%) in the good category and 8 (25.8%) in the poor category. Meanwhile, the level of knowledge of respondents after the educational activity (post-test) was 27 (87.1%) in the good category and 4 (12.9%) in the poor category. There was an increase in knowledge of cadres from 74.2% pre-test to 87.1% post-test. A group of cadres, Village Midwives, and a community service team from Bhakti Kencana University were formed to serve as a forum for discussion to find solutions to the stunting problem in Girikemar Village, within the Cilengkrang Community Health Center (Puskesmas) working area of ​​Bandung Regency.

Conclusion: Community service activities in the form of education and training for cadres have effectively contributed to increasing knowledge about the capacity, role, and function of cadres in preventing stunting. This activity also improves the ability of cadres in early detection through anthropometric measurements of infants and children at Posyandu, in addition, cadres have a better understanding of the use of the stunting alert cadre pocket book as a medium for information, education and counseling about stunting for mothers.

Suggestion: It is hoped that health cadres, when implementing integrated health service posts (Posyandu), can further enhance their role and function through early detection using anthropometric measurements of children and providing alternative foods made from Moringa leaves as supplementary food to children and toddlers at the Posyandu. This will create a golden generation that is free from stunting and is expected to reduce the incidence of stunting, especially in Girimekar Village, Bandung Regency.

Keywords: Cadre capacity; Health education; Integrated health service posts; Stunting prevention

Pendahuluan: Stunting menjadi masalah utama gizi di Indonesia meskipun telah menunjukkan penurunan. Di Indonesia, termasuk di Kabupaten Bandung, angka stunting masih cukup tinggi dan menjadi masalah prioritas yang secara nasional. Salah satu wilayah yang masih menghadapi tantangan dalam upaya penurunan stunting adalah wilayah kerja Puskesmas Cilengkrang. Kader posyandu berperan penting dalam pemantauan pertumbuhan (pengukuran antropometri), pencatatan (KMS dan input ke sistem pencatatan manual maupun digital, edukasi gizi, serta rujukan ke layanan kesehatan bila diperlukan. Oleh karena itu, penguatan keterampilan kader baik teknis pengukuran maupun komunikasi konseling gizi merupakan investasi langsung dalam upaya menurunkan stunting di tingkat komunitas.

Tujuan: Untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan penguatan kemampuan kader kesehatan dalam melakukan deteksi dini stunting dan pemenuhan gizi seimbang pada batuta sebagai upaya terciptanya posyandu sigap stunting.

Metode: Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini dilaksanakan pada hari Rabu, Tanggal 19 November 2025, berlokasi di Desa Girimekar Kabupaten Bandung, dengan desain penelitian case study dengan teknik one group pre-test dan post-test. Melibatkan 31 orang kader kesehatan Desa Girimekar untuk menjadi responden dan dihadiri juga Bidan desa dan pihak Pukesmas Cilengkrang. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini berfokus dalam penguatan keterampilan, kemampuan, fungsi dan peran kader terhadap pencegahan stunting yang dilakukan dengan diskusi interaktif dan tanya jawab langsung terkait materi kegiatan dan pengalaman mengenai kejadian stunting dan pencegahannya. Pengukuran tingkat pengetahuan responden menggunakan kuesioner dengan kategori baik apabila skor≥75% dan kategori kurang apabila skor<75%, yang diberikan sebelum kegiatan edukasi (pre-test) dan setelah kegiatan edukasi (post-test).

Hasil: Mendapatkan data, tingkat pengetahuan responden tentang Posyandu Sigap Stunting sebelum kegiatan edukasi (pre-test) adalah sebanyak 23 orang (74.2%) dalam kategori baik dan sebanyak 8 orang (25.8%) dalam kategori kurang. Sedangkan untuk tingkat pengetahuan responden sesudah kegiatan edukasi (post-test) adalah sebanyak 27 orang (87.1%) dalam kategori baik dan sebanyak 4 orang (12.9%) dalam kategori kurang. Terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan kader dari nilai pre-test sebesar 74.2% menjadi 87.1% setelah kegiatan (post-test).  Terbentuknya kelompok kader, Bidan Desa dengan tim pengabdian masyarakat dari Universitas Bhakti Kencana  sebagai wadah diskusi dalam mencari solusi mengenai permasalahan stunting di Desa Girikemar sebagai wilayah kerja Puskemasmas Cilengkrang Kabupaten Bandung.

Simpulan: Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat berupa edukasi dan pelatihan kepada kader memberikan kontribusi efektif dalam peningkatan pengetahuan tentang kapasitas peran dan fungsi kader untuk mencegah stunting. Kegiatan ini juga meningkatkan kemampuan kader dalam deteksi dini melalui pengukuran antropometri bayi dan anak di Posyandu, selain itu kader lebih memahami penggunaan buku saku kader sigap stunting sebagai media informasi, edukasi dan konseling tentang stunting kepada ibu batuta.

Saran: Diharapkan kader kesehatan pada saat melaksanakan kegiatan posyandu dapat lebih meningkatkan peran dan fungsinya melalui deteksi dini dengan pengukuran antropometri anak dan memberikan makanan alternatif berbahan herbal daun kelor sebagai makanan tambahan yang dapat diberikan kepada anak dan balita di posyandu. Dengan demikian dapat menciptakan generasi emas yang terhindar dari stunting dan diharapkan dapat menurunkan angka kejadian stunting khususnya di Desa Girimekar, Kabupaten Bandung.