Kearifan lokal satu desa tiga aksi: cegah hipertensi, pola hidup sehat, dan pemanfaatan tanaman obat keluarga

Abstract

Background: Public health in Indonesia faces complex challenges, including a high prevalence of hypertension, suboptimal waste management, and low utilization of Family Medicinal Plants (FMP). Hypertension, as a non-communicable disease, requires education on healthy lifestyles, while wise waste management is crucial for preventing environmentally-related diseases. FMP offers promotive and preventive solutions based on local wisdom, but has not been optimally utilized in rural areas. In Cibeet Village, Bandung Regency, these three issues are interconnected and demonstrate the need for integrated, community-based interventions. The "One Village, Three Actions" model is proposed as a holistic approach to improving health through hypertension education, waste management, and the synergistic utilization of FMP.

Purpose: To increase public awareness of maintaining health through the adoption of a healthy lifestyle and the use of family medicinal plants for hypertension control.

Method: The activity was conducted on August 20, 2025, at the madrasah RW 07 in Cibeet Village, Ibun District, Bandung Regency, involving 39 participants using a total sampling technique. The material is delivered through lectures and demonstrations, including counseling, pre-tests, education about hypertension, clean and healthy living behavior, and the use of family medicinal plants, as well as post-tests and health checks (anthropometry, blood pressure, random blood sugar).

Results: The level of knowledge of participants regarding hypertension and Clean and Healthy Living Behavior (CHLB) before education was mostly in the sufficient category (25 participants) (64.1%). After education, the majority of participants experienced an increase in knowledge, reaching the good category (35 participants) (89.8%).

Conclusion: The community service activity, which integrated the delivery of three educational themes, successfully increased participants' knowledge and awareness regarding hypertension and Clean and Healthy Living Behavior (CHLB). Education through lectures, demonstrations, and interactive practice proved effective in changing participants' behavior toward a healthy lifestyle, including the use of family medicinal plants (FMP) and the innovative RAMEKUH herbal drink as an alternative for hypertension control.

Suggestion: Ongoing mentoring by health cadres is needed to maintain consistent healthy community behaviors, as well as further development of local herbal products to enhance their economic value and broader health benefits. Cross-sector collaboration, including in education and health, needs to be strengthened to support the sustainability of education and community empowerment programs based on local potential.

Keywords: Hypertension; Local wisdom; Waste management

Pendahuluan: Kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia menghadapi tantangan kompleks, termasuk tingginya prevalensi hipertensi, pengelolaan sampah yang belum optimal, dan rendahnya pemanfaatan Tanaman Obat Keluarga (TOGA). Hipertensi sebagai penyakit tidak menular memerlukan edukasi gaya hidup sehat, sementara pengelolaan sampah yang bijak penting untuk mencegah penyakit berbasis lingkungan. TOGA menawarkan solusi promotif dan preventif berbasis kearifan lokal, namun belum dimanfaatkan secara maksimal di pedesaan. Di Desa Cibeet, Kabupaten Bandung, ketiga isu tersebut saling terkait dan menunjukkan perlunya intervensi terpadu berbasis masyarakat. Model “Satu Desa, Tiga Aksi” diusulkan sebagai pendekatan holistik untuk meningkatkan derajat kesehatan melalui edukasi hipertensi, pengelolaan sampah, dan pemanfaatan TOGA secara sinergis.

Tujuan: Untuk meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat dalam menjaga kesehatan melalui penerapan gaya hidup sehat dan pemanfaatan tanaman obat keluarga untuk pengendalian hipertensi.

Metode: Kegiatan dilaksanakan pada 20 Agustus 2025 di madrasah RW 07 Desa Cibeet, Kecamatan Ibun, Kabupaten Bandung, melibatkan 39 peserta dengan teknik total sampling. Materi disampaikan melalui ceramah dan demonstrasi, mencakup penyuluhan, pre-test, edukasi tentang hipertensi, perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat, dan pemanfaatan tanaman obat keluarga, serta post-test dan pemeriksaan kesehatan (antropometri, tekanan darah, gula darah sewaktu).

Hasil: Menunjukkan tingkat pengetahuan peserta mengenai hipertensi dan PHBS sebelum edukasi sebagian besar peserta dalam kategori cukup yaitu sebanyak 25 orang (64.1%). Setelah edukasi mayoritas peserta mengalami peningkatan pengetahuan menjadi dalam kategori baik yaitu sebanyak 35 orang (89.8%).

Simpulan: Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat dengan penyampaian tiga tema edukasi secara terpadu berhasil meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kesadaran peserta mengenai hipertensi dan Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS). Edukasi dengan ceramah, demonstrasi, dan praktik interaktif terbukti efektif dalam mengubah perilaku peserta menuju gaya hidup sehat, termasuk pemanfaatan tanaman obat keluarga (TOGA) dan inovasi minuman herbal RAMEKUH sebagai alternatif pengendalian hipertensi.

Saran: Diperlukan pendampingan berkelanjutan oleh kader kesehatan untuk menjaga konsistensi perilaku sehat masyarakat, serta pengembangan lebih lanjut terhadap produk herbal lokal agar memiliki nilai ekonomi dan manfaat kesehatan yang lebih luas. Kolaborasi lintas sektor, akademisi dan kesehatan, perlu diperkuat guna mendukung keberlanjutan program edukasi dan pemberdayaan masyarakat berbasis potensi lokal.