Penyuluhan kesehatan tentang dampak kecemasan dan cara pencegahannya selama persalinan di PMB Nurliah Suradi

Abstract

Background: Anxiety during labor is a common psychological problem that can affect the process and outcome of labor, including increasing the risk of prolonged labor, high blood pressure, and fetal disorders. In Indonesia, the high maternal mortality rate is a major challenge, especially in areas with limited access to education. Increasing pregnant women's knowledge about anxiety and strategies for preventing it is necessary to create a safe and comfortable labor process.

Purpose: To increase the knowledge of pregnant women in their third trimester regarding the impact of anxiety and how to prevent it during labor.

Method: The activity was conducted at the Nurliah Suradi Prenatal Training Center on November 13, 2024, involving 15 pregnant women, lecturers, students, and midwives. The education was conducted interactively and applied through activities such as pre-tests, counseling, discussions, pregnancy exercises, and post-tests. Leaflets were also used as additional learning resources. Evaluation was conducted by comparing participants' pre-test and post-test scores.

Results: The average age of respondents was 26.87 years with a standard deviation of 5.66 years, ranging from 19 to 37 years. The majority of respondents were between 19 and 25 years old (9 respondents, 60.0%), and the majority were housewives (10 respondents, 66.7%). Participants demonstrated high enthusiasm and positive responses during the activity. The average score increased from 67.5 points in the pre-test to 88.9 points in the post-test.

Conclusion: Counseling on anxiety and its prevention during childbirth has proven effective in increasing pregnant women's knowledge and strengthening their mental and physical readiness for a healthy and safe delivery. Increasing pregnant women's knowledge about anxiety also provides an understanding of its impact and how to prevent it during childbirth.

Suggestion: Regular and comprehensive education through prenatal classes is needed to strengthen understanding and build mothers' emotional and physical readiness for childbirth, while supporting efforts to reduce maternal mortality nationally.

Keywords: Anxiety; Childbirth; Health education; Prenatal knowledge

Pendahuluan: Kecemasan saat persalinan merupakan permasalahan psikologis yang umum terjadi dan dapat mempengaruhi proses serta hasil persalinan, termasuk meningkatkan risiko partus lama, tekanan darah tinggi, serta gangguan pada janin. Di Indonesia, tingginya angka kematian ibu menjadi tantangan besar, terutama di wilayah dengan keterbatasan akses edukasi. Peningkatan pengetahuan ibu hamil mengenai kecemasan dan strategi pencegahannya diperlukan untuk menciptakan proses persalinan yang aman dan nyaman.

Tujuan: Untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu hamil trimester ketiga mengenai dampak kecemasan dan cara pencegahannya selama proses persalinan.

Metode: Kegiatan dilaksanakan di PMB Bdn. Nurliah Suradi pada 13 November 2024 dengan melibatkan 15 ibu hamil, dosen, mahasiswa, dan tenaga bidan. Edukasi dilakukan dengan interaktif dan aplikatif berupa kegiatan melalui pre-test, penyuluhan, diskusi, senam hamil, dan post-test, serta penggunaan media leaflet sebagai sarana pembelajaran tambahan. Evaluasi dilakukan dengan membandingkan nilai pre-test dan post-test peserta.

Hasil: Mendapatkan rata-rata usia responden adalah 26.87 tahun dengan standar deviasi 5.66 tahun dalam rentang usia 19 –37 tahun. Sebagian besar usia responden berada di usia 19 – 25 tahun yaitu sebanyak 9 (60.0%) dan mayoritas status pekerjaan responden adalah sebagai ibu rumah tangga yaitu sebanyak 10 (66.7%). Peserta menunjukkan antusiasme tinggi dan respon positif selama kegiatan. Terdapat peningkatan skor rata-rata dari 67.5 poin pada pre-test menjadi 88.9 poin pada post-test.

Simpulan: Penyuluhan tentang kecemasan dan pencegahannya selama persalinan terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu hamil, memperkuat kesiapan mental dan fisik dalam menghadapi proses persalinan yang sehat dan aman. Peningkatan pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang kecemasan juga memberikan pemahaman pada dampak dan cara pencegahannya selama persalinan.

Saran: Diperlukan edukasi berkala dan menyeluruh melalui kelas ibu hamil guna memperkuat pemahaman dan membangun kesiapan emosional serta fisik ibu dalam menghadapi persalinan, sekaligus mendukung upaya penurunan angka kematian ibu secara nasional.